ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING. ACIDS AND BASES. AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: AND FUNCTIONAL GROUPS NOMENCLATURE AND REPRESENTATION OF STRUCTURE. REACTIONS OF ALKANES, ALKENES AND ALKYNES. STEREOCHEMISTRY: THE ARRANGEMENT OF ATOMS IN SPACE, AND THE STEREOCHEMISTRY OF ADDITION REACTIONS. DELOCALISED ELECTRONS AND RESONANCE. REACTIONS AT A SP3 HYBRIDIZED CARBON: NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF ALKYL HALIDES, ELIMINATION REACTIONS OF ALKYL HALIDES AND COMPOUNDS WITH LEAVING GROUPS OTHER THAN HALOGEN. STRUCTURE, SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF ALCOHOLS, ETHERS AND EPOXIDES.

FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS, WORK, HEAT AND ENERGY, ENTHALPY CHANGE, HEAT CAPACITY, ADIABATIC PROCESS, GIBBS AND HELMHOLTZ FREE ENERGIES, CHEMICAL POTENTIAL, FUGACITY AND COMPOSITION CHANGE.

CHANGES OF STATE: PHYSICAL TRANSFORMATION OF PURE SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURE. PHASE DIAGRAM, STABILITY OF PHASES, CLAPEYRON EQUATION, PARTIAL MOLAR QUANTITIES, THERMODYNAMICS OF MIXING, PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION, ACTIVITY, PHASE DIAGRAM FOR SYSTEMS WITH TWO AND THREE COMPONENTS. ELECTROCHEMISTRY: DEBYE HUCKEL THEORY, ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL, ELECTRODE POTENTIAL AND THERMODYNAMICS OF CELLS.

KURSUS INI AKAN MEMBINCANGKAN PELBAGAI JENIS KAEDAH PEMISAHAN SEPERTI KROMATOGRAFI,
PENGEKSTRAKAN PEPEJAL CECAIR DAN PEMISAHAN MELALUI PENGKOMPLEKSAN.